vitamin b 12

Evidence is accumulating for a role of CoQ10 in the treatment of mitochondrial disorders and neurodegenerative diseases, such as Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). A number of case reports suggest a beneficial effect of supplemental CoQ in patients with known mitochondrial disorders. Perhaps the strongest evidence for a beneficial effect of CoQ supplements comes, however, from animal studies. Oral administration of CoQ10 produces dose-dependent neuroprotective effects against lesions produced by mitochondrial toxins. CoQ10 also protects against 1-methyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) toxicity in mice. Furthermore, CoQ10 supplementation exerts neuroprotective effects in transgenic mouse models of familial ALS and Parkinson's disease. The potential efficacy of CoQ10 in Parkinson's and Huntington's disease is currently being evaluated in human clinical trials.

Dementia is one of the most pressing public health problems with social and economic implication. The form called cognitive impairment non-dementia (CIND)represents a subclinical phase of dementia. Different studies have shown a possible effect of micro- and macro-nutrients on cognitive function. Trace elements, being involved in metabolic processes and redox reactions in the central nervous system (CNS), could influence the cognitive functions. This study evaluated the presence of an eventual correlation between serum trace element concentrations and cognitive function in a group of subjects with CIND and manifest dementia (Alzheimer dementia = AD, and vascular dementia = VaD), and compared them with a control group. Thirty -five patients were enrolled in this study. Each patient underwent a clinical and biochemical examination. We also performed a neuropsychological and functional assessment (the Milan overall dementia assessment = MODA, activities of daily living = ADL, and instrumental activities of daily

Vitamin E is found in wheat germ, corn, nuts, seeds, olives, spinach,asparagus, and other green leafy vegetables, vegetable oils, and products made from vegetable oils, such as margarine..

Zinc is a nutrient your body needs for many essential functions such as growth and development, maintenance of the body?s immune system, wound healing and appetite control. Recent research also suggests that zinc positively impacts cognitive function and behavior not only in early development, but throughout life.

The term "vitamine" was first proposed in 1912 by the Polish chemist Casimir Funk, in his landmark paper on vitamin theory, which synthesized existing research and paved the way for developments in the field..